Muscadine grapes contain a relatively high phenolic content among dark grapes. Balsamina Bianca, Biancame, Greco Biondello, Greco Castellano, Greco delle Torre, Greco del Vesuvio, Greco di Gerace, Greco di Napoli, Greco di Tufo, Greco Maceratino, Greco Moneccio, Grecula, Grecu Niuru, Grieco, Gieco, Grecau, Montecchiese, Morbidella, Ragusano Bianco, Sambiase, and Verdicchio near. Vitis vinifera, the common grape vine, is a species of flowering plant, native to the Mediterranean region, Central Europe, and southwestern Asia, from Morocco and Portugal north to southern Germany and east to northern Iran. This datasheet on Vitis vinifera covers Identity, Overview, Associated Diseases, Pests or Pathogens, Distribution, Hosts/Species Affected, Biology & Ecology, Uses . Camaralet blanc, Camaralet Fleurs Femelles, Camaralet de Lasseube, Camarau, Camaraou blanc, Gentil aromatique, Moustardet and Petit Camarau. Calabrese Montenuovo, Nero D'Avola, Sangiovese. There are no reliable statistics that break down grape production by variety. Also, depending on grape cultivar, grapes are used in winemaking. Together, these two names are referred to as a binomial. Bottaio bianco (in Tuscany), Cacinello, Cacciumo (in the province of Campobasso in Molise), Canaiolo bianco, Canajola, Canina (in the province of Ascoli Piceno in the Marche), Drupeccio (in Orvieto), Lupeccio, Trupeccio (in Orvieto), Uva dei Cani (in Ascoli Piceno) and Volpicchio (in Tuscany). Feedipedia, a programme by INRA, CIRAD, AFZ and FAO. Austenq, Bquin, Bergeracois, Blanc de Gaillac, Blanc Select, Blanc Selection Carrire, Blanquette, Blanquette Sucre, Chaloche, Chalosse, Cu de Brecherou, Doudant Blanc, Doundent, Dourec, Dourech, Fronsadais, Gaillac, Irvine's White, Mauzac, il de Tour, Ondain, Ondainc, Ondent, Ondin, Oundenc, Oundenq, Oustenc, Oustenq, Oustenque, Piquepout de Moissac, Plant de Gaillac, Prendiou, Prentiou, Primai, Primaic, Primard, Printiou, Riverain, Sable Blanc, Semis Blanc, Sencit Blanc, Sensit Blanc, and Sercial. Insect problems can include mealybugs, flea beetles, leaf hopper, leaf roller, Japanese beetle, and grape berry moth. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position of wine-making in human culture dates from 8,000 years ago in Georgia. Grapefruit - Wikipedia Alicante Del Faentino, Sauvignon Rosso, Savignon Rosso. There are currently more than a dozen varieties of seedless grapes. Later, North American rootstocks became widely used to graft V. vinifera cultivars so as to withstand the presence of phylloxera. 420 (Australia, 1990s), 3200 (South Africa), Csaba gyngye, Csabagyngye, Perla Czabanska, Perla di Csaba, Perle di Csaba, Perle von Csaba, a/Zhemchug csaba, /Vengerskiy muskatnyy ranniy. Wine grapes require long, dry, warm-to-hot summers and cool winters for their best development. Vitis vinifera Vitis vinifera, the common grape vine, is a species of flowering plant, native to the Mediterranean region, Central Europe, and southwestern Asia, from Morocco and Portugal north to southern Germany and east to northern Iran. What Are Grapes, and How Are They Used? - The Spruce Eats Aglianco di puglia, Aglianica, Aglianichella, Aglianichello, Aglianico amaro, Aglianico crni, Aglianico del vulture, Aglianico di castellaneta, Aglianico di taurasi, Aglianico femminile, Aglianico mascolino, Aglianico nero, Aglianico pannarano, Aglianico tringarulo, Aglianico zerpoluso, Aglianico zerpuloso, Aglianicuccia, Agliano, Agliatica, Agliatico, Agnanico, Agnanico di castellaneta, Alianiko, Cascavoglia, Cerasole, Ellanico, Ellenico, Fiano rosso, Fresella, Gagliano, Ghiandara, Ghianna, Ghiannara, Glianica, Gnanica, Gnanico, Granica, Granico, Olivella di san cosmo, Prie blanc, Ruopolo, Spriema, Tringarulo, Uva catellaneta, Uva dei cani, Uva di castellaneta, Uva nera. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of anthocyanins, which are responsible for the color of purple grapes. Grapes contain such minerals as calcium and phosphorus and are a source of vitamin A. Echinochloa crus-galli. Brauner Nrnberger, Brauner Wrnberger, Buchelin, Deutsche Trauben, Divicina, Divizhna, Divizhna Vizhna, Dretsch, Drtsch, Drutsch, Dnnelbling, Erjava Tizhna, Frankentraube, Furmentin, Gros Fendant, Grofrnkisch, Groer Ruschling, Groer Ruschling, Groer Traminer, Grnspat, Guay Jaune, Heinzler, Klaffer, Klpfer, Luttenberger, Luttenbergerstock, Luttenbershna, Lyonnaise, Offenburger, Padebecker, Pfffling, Pfaffentraube, Reuschling, Rschling, Rssling, Ruchelin, Ruschling, Rschlig, Rschling, Rssling, Silberruschling, Silberwei, Szrebrobella, Thuner, Thunerrebe, Vigne de Zuri, Weier Dnnelbling, Weier Klpfer, Weier Lagrein, Weier Ruschling, Weiwelsch, Weiwelscher, Welsche, Zrirebe, Zrichrebe, Zriweiss and Zriwiss. Thus it has been proposed that Syrah red wine is named after Shiraz, a city in Persia where the grape was used to make Shirazi wine.[7]. Omissions? Grape hyacinth, also known as muscari, is a small bulb with tight clusters of blue flowers that resemble grapes, and it is also available in colors like white, pink, lavender, or yellow. Botanically speaking, they're a variety of muscadine grape that goes by the scientific name Vitis rotundifolia 'Scuppernong.' Scuppernongs are big, juicy grapes that are greenish, burnished bronze, or green-gold in color. The calyx is single-leaf with 5 short, deciduous teeth. . Arvine, Arvine Grande, Augustiner Weiss, Beregi Szilvani, Boetzinger, Clozier, Cynifadl Zeleny, Cynifal, Fliegentraube, Frankenriesling, Frankentraube, Fueszeres Szilvani, Gamay blanc, GentilvVert, Gros Rhin, Gros-rhin, Gruen Silvaner, Gruenedel, Gruenfraenkisch, Grn Silvaner, Haeusler Schwarz, Johannisberger, Mishka, Momavaka, Monterey Riesling, Moravka, Movavka, Muschka, Mushza, Musza, Nemetskii Rizling, Oesterreicher, Oestreicher, Pepltraube, Picardon blanc, Picardou blanc, Plant Du Rhin, Rhin, Rundblatt, Salfin, Salfine Bely, Salvaner, Salviner, Scharvaner, Scherwaner, Schoenfeilner, Schwaebler, Schwuebler, Sedmogradka, Sedmogradska Zelena, Selenzhiz, Selivan, Silvanske Zelene, Sonoma Riesling, Sylvan Zeleny, Sylvaner, Sylvaner verde, Szilvani Feher, Tschafahnler, Yesil Silvaner, Zelencic, Zeleny, Zierfandler, Zierifandel, Zinifal, Zoeld Szilvani, Zoeldsilvani Syilvaner, Siylvaner, Sylvaner vert, Grner Sylvaner, Grnfraenkisch, Franken Riesling and Grner Silvaner. Last updated on Jun 21, 2023. Spores (ascospores) from overwintering sites are initially released with 0.1 inch of rain when temperatures are 50F. Aglionza, Alconza, Aleonza, Alionga, Bianca del Bolognese, Allionza, Allionza bianca, Glionza, Leonza, Uva Lonza and Uva Schiava. Wine grapes are smaller (in comparison to table grapes), usually contains seeds, and have thicker skins (a desirable characteristic in making wine. Abrostalo, Abrostine, Abrostino, Abrusco nero, Abrusco nero di toscana, Abrusio, Colore, Colorino. Marufo, Abrunhal, Barrete De Padre, Brujidero, Brujiguero, Colgadera, Crujideiro, Crujidera, Crujidero Di Spagna, Falso Mourisco, Lagrima Noir, Lamego, Lobo, Malvasia, Marouco, Marufa, Marufo Roxo, Marujo, Moravia Dulce, Morisco Tinto, Morocco, Mourico, Mourisca, Mourisco, Mourisco Du Douro, Mourisco Nos Vinhos Verdes, Mourisco Preto, Mourisco Roxo, Mourisco Tinto, Olho De Rei, Rucial, Tinta Amarela Grossa, Tinta Do Caramelo, Tinta Grossa, Trujidera, Trujidero, Uva De Rei, Uva Rei. Barciuola, Bracciola, Bracciula, Bracciuola, Braciola, Braciuola, Brassola, Brassora, Brazolata, Rappalunga. 5000 (France, 1980s), 2000 (France, 2000). For the book, see, Toggle Multispecies hybrid grapes subsection. Aleksandroouly, Aleksandrouli, Aleksandrouli shavi, Alexandreouli, Alexandreuli, Alexandroouli, Alexandrouly, Alexsandrouli, Kabistona, Kabistoni. Treixadura blanca, Teixadura blanca, Tragadura, Trinca dente, Trincadente, Trincadeira and Verdello Rubio. Scuppernong Grapes Are the Stuff of Southern Legend [21], An offset to the improved eating quality of seedlessness is the loss of potential health benefits provided by the enriched phytochemical content of grape seeds (see Health claims, below). Learn how and when to remove this template message, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Malvidin-3-(6-p-coumaroyl)-glucoside trans, "The grapevine Culture in Georgia on Basis of Palaeobotanical Data", "How wine-making spread through the ancient world: U of T archaeologist", "On roots, and time travel | Stanford Wine Society", "The grapevine genome sequence suggests ancestral hexaploidization in major angiosperm phyla", Discovering Grapes and Wine in the Far North of China, Wine in China; its history and contemporary developments, "Natural product agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR): a review", "The role of grape polyphenols on trans-resveratrol activity against Botrytis cinerea and of fungal laccase on the solubility of putative grape PR proteins", "Anthocyanin-derived Pigments in Graciano, Tempranillo, and Cabernet Sauvignon Wines Produced in Spain", "Bioactivity of grape chemicals for human health", "Genetic diversity and population structure assessed by SSR and SNP markers in a large germplasm collection of grape", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vitis_vinifera&oldid=1159286871, This page was last edited on 9 June 2023, at 11:35. They're at peak deliciousness come late spring. Asprathiri, Asprathiro, Athiri Aspro, Athiri Lefko, and Athiri Leyko. Use of grapes is known to date back to Neolithic times, following the discovery in 1996 of 7,000-year-old wine storage jars in present-day northern Iran. Arintho, Arintho du Dao, Arinto Cachudo, Arinto Cercial, Arinto d'Anadia, Arinto de Bucelas, Arinto do Douro, Arinto Galego, Asal Espanhol, Asal Galego, Assario branco, Boal Cachudo, Branco Espanhol, Cerceal, Chapeludo, Malvasia Fina, Pe de Perdiz branco, Pederna, and Pedernao. At present there are about 10000 varieties of Vitis vinifera grapes, although it should be noted that only a few are used for consumption and wine production. Cesanese Comune, Bambino, Bombino Nero, Bonvino Nero, Cesanese, Cesanese Ad Acino Grosso, Cesanese Di Affile, Cesanese Velletrano, Cezanese Nero, Ferrigno Nero, Mangiatoria, Nero Ferrigno, Sancinella, Sanginella, Sanguinella, Uva Di Affile. The second most common variety is Airn. ), Albana della Forcella, Albana di Bertinoro, Albana di Bologna, Albana di Forli, Albana di Gatteo, Albana di Lugo, Albana di Montiano, Albana di Pesaro, Albana di Romagna, Albana di Terra Del Sole, Albana Gentile, Albana Gentile di Faenza, Albana Gentile di Ravenna, Albana Grossa, Albano, Albanone, Albuelis, Biancame Sinalunga, Forcella, Forcellata, Forcellina, Forcelluta, Raccia Pollone, Ribona, Riminese, and Sforcella. Chondromavrouda, Chondromavroudi, Chondromavroudo, Khondromavroud, Khondromavroudi. It is also the name for the edible fruit that grows on these perennial and deciduous plants. Bordeleza Zuria, Chacoli Zuria, Cougnet, Courbeau, Courbi blanc, Courbies, Courbis, Courbu, Courbu Gros, Courbut, Courbut blanc, Courtoisie, Ondaria Zuria and Vieux Pacherenc. Abelione, Abelone, Albilloidea, Alsacia blanca, Amber Chasselas, Amber Muscadine, Bar sur Aube, Bela Glera, Bela Zlahtnina, Berezka Prostaya, Berioska Casla, Beyaz Gutedel, Biela Plemenika Praskava, Biela Plemincka Chrapka, Biela Plemincka Pruskawa, Blanchette, Blanquette, Bon blanc, Bordo, Bournet, Bournot, Chablais, Charapka, Chasselas, Chasselas Angevin, Chasselas bianco, Chasselas Blanc Royal, Chasselas Blanchette, Chasselas Crognant, Chasselas Croquant, Chasselas de Bar-sur-Aube, Chasselas de Bordeaux, Chasselas de Florence, Chasselas de Fontainebleau, Chasselas de Jalabert, Chasselas de la Contrie, Chasselas de la Naby, Chasselas de Moissac, Chasselas de Montauban, Chasselas de Mornain, Chasselas de Pondichry, Chasselas de Pontchartrain, Chasselas de Pouilly, Chasselas de Quercy, Chasselas de Rappelo, Chasselas de Tenerife, Chasselas de Teneriffe, Chasselas de Thomeri, Chasselas de Toulaud, Chasselas de Vaud, Chasselas di Fountanbleau, Chasselas di Thomery, Chasselas Dorada, Chasselas Dorato, Chasselas Dore, Chasselas Dore Hatif, Chasselas Dore Salomon, Chasselas du Doubs, Chasselas du Portugal, Chasselas du Roi, Chasselas du Serail, Chasselas du Thor, Chasselas Dugommier, Chasselas Dur, Chasselas Fendant, Chasselas Hatif de Tenerife, Chasselas Haute Selection, Chasselas Jalabert, Chasselas Jaune Cire, Chasselas Piros, Chasselas Plant Droit, Chasselas Queen Victoria, Chasselas Reine Victoria, Chasselas Salsa, Chasselas Tokay Angevine, Chasselas Vert de la Cote, Chasselas White, Chasselat, Chrupka, Chrupka Biela, Chrupka Bila, Common Muscadine, Danka Belaya, Dinka Belaya, Dinka blanche, Dobrorozne, Doppelte Spanische, Dorin, Doucet, Eau Douce blanche, Edelschoen, Edelwein, Edelweiss, Edelxeiss, Elsaesser, Elsasser Weiss, Fabian, Fabiantraube, Fbinszl, Fehr Chasselas, Fehr Fbinszl, Fehr gyngyszl, Fehr ropogs, Fendant, Fendant blanc, Fendant Roux, Fendant vert, Florenci Jouana, Fondan Belyi, Franceset, Franceseta, Frauentraube, Gamet, Gelber Gutedel, Gemeiner Gutedel, Gentil blanc, Gentil vert, Golden Bordeaux, Golden Chasselas, Grossblaettrige Spanische, Grosse Spanische, Grosser Spaniger, Gruener Gutedel, Gutedel, Gutedel Weiss, Gutedel Weisser, Gyngyszl, Junker, Koenigs Gutedel, Kracher, Krachgutedel, Krachmost, Lardot, Lourdot, Maisa, Marzemina bianca, Marzemina Niduca, Morlenche, Mornan blanc, Mornen, Mornen blanc, Most, Most Rebe, Moster, Pariser Gutedel, Perlan, Pinzutella, Plamenka Belyi, Plant de Toulard, Plant de Toulaud, Plemenika Praskava, Plemenka, Plemenka Bela, Plemenka Rana, Pleminka Biela, Praskava, Pruscava Biela, Queen Victoria, Queen Victoria White, Raisin D'officier, Ranka, Rebe Herrn Fuchses, Reben Herm Fuchs, Reben Herrn, Rheinrebe, Rosmarinentraube, Rosmarintraube, Royal Muscadine, Sasla, Sasla Bela, Schoenedel, Shasla Belaya, Shasla Dore, Shasla Lechebnaya, Shasla Viktoria, Silberling, Silberweiss, Silberweissling, Silberwissling, Strapak, Suessling, Suesstraube, Sweetwater, Sweetwater White, Temprano, Temprano blanco, Terravin, Tribi Vognoble, Tribiano Tedesco, Ugne, Uslechtile Bile, Valais blanc, Viala, Viviser, Waelsche, Waelscher, Weisser Gutedel, Weisser Krachgutedel, White Chasselas, White Muscadine, White Sweetwater, White Van der Laan, Zlahtina, Zlahtnina, Zlahtnina Bijela, Zlatina, and Zupljanka. Chhaveri, Chkhaveli, Chkhavery, Cxaveri, Riqintuli, Samchkhavera, Tchkhaveli, Tchkhaveri, Tsivtchkhavera. [41][42][43] Alcohol itself may have protective effects on the cardiovascular system. Demographic pressure, population concentration in towns and cities, and the increased spending power of artisans and merchants gave rise to increased investment in viticulture, which became economically feasible once more. Delays in harvesting may cause unpleasant aroma in the wine produced or allow bacteria to attack the grape sugar. Camarate, Fernam Pires, Fernan Piriz, Ferno Piro, Fernao Pires, Ferno Pires do Beco, Gaeiro, Gaieiro, Maria Gomes, and Molinha. [13], In the second half of the 20th century there was a shift in attitude in viticulture from traditional techniques to the scientific method based on fields such as microbiology, chemistry and ampelography. This phenomenon has been termed the French paradox, and is thought to occur from protective benefits of regularly consuming red wine, among other dietary practices. The hot and humid summers of the southern states and the frigid cold in the midwest don't make this a good plant choice for the best fruit production. Aiguillon, Becquin, Bekin, Bequin, Blanc Lafitte, Blanquette, Blanquette Aventice, Blanquette de Limoux, Blanquette Sucre, Caspre, Clairac, Feuille Ronde, Gaillac, Gaillade, Gamet blanc, Manzac, Maousac, Mausac, Maussac, Mauza, Mauza blanca, Meauzac, Moisac, Moissac, Moysac, Mozac, Mozak Belyi, Peron, Perrond, Pied Rond, Plant de Gaillac, Primard, Queue Fort, Queue Roide, and Sudunais. There are at least 5,000 reported varieties of this grape, which differ from one another in such characteristics as colour, size, and shape of berry; juice composition (including flavour); ripening time; and disease resistance. Arboisier, Arnaison blanc, Arnoison, Aubain, Aubaine, Auvergnat blanc, Auvernas, Auvernas blanc, Auvernat blanc, Auxeras, Auxerras blanc, Auxerrois blanc, Auxois, Auxois blanc, Bargeois blanc, Beaunois, Biela Klevanjika, Blanc de Champagne, Blanc de Cramant, Breisgauer Suessling, Breisgauer Sussling, Burgundi Feher, Chablis, Chardenai, Chardenay, Chardenet, Chardennet, Chardonay, Chardonnet, Chatenait, Chatey Petit, Chatte, Chaudenay, Chaudenet, Chaudent, Clvner, Clevner Weiss, Cravner, Epinette, Epinette blanc, Epinette blanche, Epinette de Champagne, Ericey blanc, Feher Chardonnay, Feherburgundi, Feinburgunder, Gamay blanc, Gelber Weissburgunder, Gentil blanc, Grosse Bourgogne, Klawner, Klevanjka Biela, Klevner, Lisant, Luisant, Luizannais, Luizant, Luzannois, Maconnais, Maurillon blanc, Melon blanc, Melon D'Arbois, Merou,[5] Moreau blanc, Morillon blanc, Moulon, Noirien blanc, Obaideh, Petit Chatey, Petit Sainte-Marie, Petite Sainte Marie, Pineau blanc, Pino Sardone, Pino Shardone, Pinot Blanc Cramant, Pinot Blanc Chardonnay, Pinot Chardonnay, Pinot de Bourgogne, Pinot Giallo, Pinot Planc, Plant de Tonnerre, Romere, Romeret, Rouci Bile, Rousseau, Roussot, Rulnder Wei, Sainte Marie Petite, Sardone, Shardone, Shardonne, Spter Wei Burgunder, Wei Burgunder (normally refers to Pinot blanc), Wei Clevner, Wei Edler, Wei Elder, Wei Klewner, Wei Silber, Weiedler, Weier Clevner, Weier Rulander. Common names link to pages with weed descriptions and photos, often showing several stages of development. [29] Phenolic content of grape skin varies with cultivar, soil composition, climate, geographic origin, and cultivation practices or exposure to diseases, such as fungal infections. Malagouzia, Malagoyzia, Malaouzia, Malaoyzia, Melaouzia, and Melaoyzia. Antei magarachskii, Antei, Antei magaracha, Antei magaratchsky, Antej magaratscha, Antey magarachskii, Magarach. The Romans planted grapes in the Rhine valley not later than the 2nd century ce. Grape hyacinth (Muscari armeniacum) is a mid-spring blooming, perennial bulb in the Lily Family (Liliaceae) native to southeastern Europe.It is not a true hyacinth (genus Hyacinthus).The name of the genus, Muscari, comes from the Greek word for musk, referring to the scent produced by the flowers of many species in the genus.
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