Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia. The Chinese called it Nanyang and the Japanese Nany, both names meaning South Seas, and South Asians used such terms as Suvarnabhmi (Sanskrit: Land of Gold) to describe the area. Malay Peninsula, also called Kra Peninsula, in Southeast Asia, a long, narrow appendix of the mainland extending south for a distance of about 700 miles (1,127 km) through the Isthmus of Kra to Cape Piai, the southernmost point of the Asian continent; its maximum width is 200 miles (322 km), and it covers roughly 70,000 square miles (181,300 squ. While Peninsular Malaysia is geographically situated in Mainland Southeast Asia, it shares many similar cultural and ecological affinities with surrounding islands, thus it is often grouped with them as part of Maritime Southeast Asia. JAKARTA, KOMPAS - Indonesia will host the meeting of the Southeast Asia Regulatory Network (SEARN) Member Assembly in Jakarta on July 24-27, 2023. In East Malaysia, the Dayaks (mainly Ibans and Bidayuhs) make up the majority in the state of Sarawak, while the Kadazan-Dusuns make up the majority in Sabah. The second-largest ethnic group in Southeast Asia are the Vietnamese (Kinh people) with around 86 million people, mainly inhabiting Vietnam but also forming a significant minority in neighbouring Cambodia and Laos. [145], The overseas Chinese community has played a large role in the development of the economies in the region. The rainforest is the second largest on Earth (with the Amazon rainforest being the largest). Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. In mainland Southeast Asia, the Burmese accounts for more than two-thirds of the population in Myanmar, but the country also has several regional ethnic groups which mainly live in states that are specifically formed for ethnic minorities. 1. The minority of the Muslim population may include Sufi Muslim or Ahmadiyya Muslim community. not, japan and Kamchatka are located in northeast Asia the Philippines is located in east Asia but close to countries located in south east Asia, a more accurate term is Asia pacific. Puppetry and shadow plays were also a favoured form of entertainment in past centuries, a famous one being the wayang from Indonesia. Cambodia is one of the most homogeneous countries in the area, with Khmers forming more than 90% of the population but the country also has a large number of ethnic Chams, Vietnamese and various inland tribes categorised under the term Khmer Loeu (Hill Khmers). Where Is Southeast Asia, Top Countries in Southeast Asia - Asia Highlights The Southeast Asian region comprises 11 sovereign states. Garuda, the phoenix who is the mount (vahanam) of Vishnu, is a national symbol in both Thailand and Indonesia; in the Philippines, gold images of Garuda have been found on Palawan; gold images of other Hindu gods and goddesses have also been found on Mindanao. Under these circumstances, it often is difficult to keep in mind the regions underlying unity, and it is understandable that Southeast Asia should so often be treated as a miscellaneous collection of cultures that simply do not quite fit anywhere else. Originally, Indians were the ones who taught the native inhabitants about writing. It can be divided into five major physical regions: mountain systems; plateaus; plains, steppes, and deserts; freshwater environments; and saltwater environments. [65][66][67] Shaivism was the dominant religious tradition of many southern Indian Hindu kingdoms during the first century. The mountain ranges in Myanmar, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia and the Indonesian islands of Sumatra, Java, Bali, Lesser Sunda Islands, and Timor are part of the Alpide belt, while the islands of the Philippines and Indonesia as well as East Timor are part of the Pacific Ring of Fire. Christianity is predominant in the Philippines, eastern Indonesia, East Malaysia, and East Timor. Spirit houses are common in areas of Southeast Asia where Animism is a held belief. The map shows the countries and main regions of Southeast Asia with surrounding bodies of water, international borders, major volcanoes, major islands, main cities, and capitals. An economic effect of this imperialism was the shift in the production of commodities. While Southeast Asia is rich in flora and fauna, Southeast Asia is facing severe deforestation which causes habitat loss for various endangered species such as orangutan and the Sumatran tiger. List of Countries in Southeast Asia - Global Banking & Finance Review [100][101], Islam began to make contacts with Southeast Asia in the eighth-century CE, when the Umayyads established trade with the region via sea routes. Dance in much of Southeast Asia includes movement of the hands as well as the feet, to express the dance's emotion and meaning of the story that the ballerina is going to tell the audience. Caodaism, a monotheistic syncretic new religious movement, is also practised by less than one percent of the population in Vietnam. Pockets of Hindu population can also be found around Southeast Asia in Singapore, Malaysia, etc. Countries in Southeast Asia practice many different religions and the region becomes home to many world religions including Abrahamic religions, Indian religions, East Asian religions and Iranian religion. The ruler of the region's most important port, Malacca Sultanate, embraced Islam in the 15th century, heralding a period of accelerated conversion of Islam throughout the region as Islam provided a positive force among the ruling and trading classes. Buddhism is predominant in Vietnam, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar and Singapore. There is also a smaller but significant number of Hmong-Mien, Chinese, Dravidians, Indo-Aryans, Eurasians and Papuans, which also contributes to the diversity of peoples in the region. central asia china east asia east timor hong kong india indonesia iran iraq israel japan jordan kazakhstan kuwait kyrgyzstan laos lebanon macau malaysia mongolia myanmar nepal new zealand north korea oceania pakistan palestine papua new guinea Southeast Asia was dominated by East Asian-related ancestry already in 15,000BC, predating the expansion of Austroasiatic and Austronesian peoples. Brunei Darussalam is the least populous country in Southeast Asia. Diverse cultural influence is pronounced in the Philippines, derived particularly from the period of Spanish and American rule, contact with Indian-influenced cultures, and the Chinese and Japanese trading era. Southeast Asia is geographically divided into two subregions, namely Mainland Southeast Asia (or the Indochinese Peninsula) and Maritime Southeast Asia. [169] In the world's most populous Muslim nation, Indonesia, Hinduism is dominant on islands such as Bali. South Asian Countries - International and Area Studies Library - U of I [140] Climate change is also likely to pose a serious threat to the fisheries industry in Southeast Asia. North Vietnam was a communist state, while South Vietnam was capitalist. Indonesia, for example, is more than 3,000 miles from west to east (exceeding the west-east extent of the continental United States) and more than 1,000 miles from north to south; the area of Laos is only slightly smaller than that of the United Kingdom; and Myanmar is considerably larger than France. Cambodia is located on the Indochinese Peninsula. Timor-Leste also remains a largely peaceful democracy. In turn, Indian Brahmins and monks were invited by local rulers to live in their realms and help transforming local polities to become more Indianised, blending Indian and indigenous traditions. Malaysia is one of Southeast Asias economic success stories. [45] Distinct Homo sapiens groups, ancestral to Eastern non-African (related to East Asians as well as Papuans) populations, reached the region by between 50,000BC to 70,000BC, with some arguing earlier. [92][93] However, in 1297, a new local power emerged. Indian tourists are streaming into Southeast Asia, cementing the world's most populous country's position as a key growth market for a travel and tourism sector that is feeling the pinch of China . This material would have been more durable than paper in the tropical climate of Southeast Asia. Additionally, there is also a small population of Parsis in Singapore who practised Zoroastrianism. Seventeen telecommunications companies contracted to build the Asia-America Gateway submarine cable to connect Southeast Asia to the US[149] This is to avoid disruption of the kind caused by the cutting of the undersea cable from Taiwan to the US in the 2006 Hengchun earthquakes. Within the Philippines, the country has no majority ethnic groups; but the four largest ethnolinguistic groups in the country are the Visayans (mainly Cebuanos, Warays and Hiligaynons), Tagalogs, Ilocanos and Bicolanos. [35][36][37][38][39][40][41] Similarly, Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands have strong cultural ties with Maritime Southeast Asia and are sometimes considered transregional areas between Southeast Asia and Australia/Oceania. Myanmars most recent history has been defined by the Burmese peoples struggle for democracy against military rule. The region covers roughly two million square miles and has a population of more than 1.99 billion, nearly a quarter of the global population. [167] East Timor is also predominantly Roman Catholic due to a history of Indonesian[168] and Portuguese rule. [137] Despite being one of the most vulnerable regions to the effects of climate change in the world, Southeast Asian countries are lagging behind in terms of their climate mitigation measures.[138]. July 28, 2023 at 3:01 p.m. (JNS) Israelis don't think of Vietnam as a key business partner, but that could change with the signing of a free trade agreement between the two countries. [106] The trade relationship with Gujarat declined after the Portuguese invasion of Southeast Asia in the 17th century. Davis, Lee (1992). The region was already inhabited by Homo erectus from approximately 1,500,000 years ago during the Middle Pleistocene age. [82][83] In the first century, the Funan states centered in Mekong Delta were established, encompassed modern-day Cambodia, southern Vietnam, Laos, and eastern Thailand. By population, Islam is the most practised faith, numbering approximately 240 million adherents, or about 40% of the entire population, concentrated in Indonesia, Brunei, Malaysia, Southern Thailand and in the Southern Philippines.
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